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Estrela mountain dog

Welcome to our page dedicated to the breed of dog estrela mountain dog!

Here, you will find all the useful information about estrela mountain dog. This descriptive profile will allow you to discover the aspects of this breed. You can notably consult information about the average price, monthly and annual upkeep expenses, their health, name ideas, as well as their official recognition by competent authorities.

Explore this page to discover everything you need to know.

Overall description of the breed

The Portuguese Mountain Dog is a working dog breed that has been present in Europe for centuries, and is certainly the oldest in the Iberian Peninsula. Its name refers to the region where it was born, the Serra de Estrela Mountain Dog originated in the mountain range where the highest point of continental Portugal is located.

Mainly used for transporting materials, protecting farms or herding cattle, they are highly intelligent and remarkably docile dogs. Exported to many countries around the world from the middle of the 20th century, it is particularly appreciated for its resistance to effort and its working abilities.

The breed was finally registered by the International Cynological Federation on 23 June 1955 and the latest update of the official standard in force was published on 4 November 2008.

The Cão Da Serra Da Estrela, as it was originally called, is a large dog, longer than it is tall, with a body that fits into a rectangle. Belonging to Group 2 - Pinscher and Schnauzer, Molossoid, Mountain and Swiss Cattle Dogs, this dog has great physical strength and exceptional stamina. The topline is straight, with a broad, solidly built back and rounded ribs, the chest is amply developed and the belly well tucked up.

The head is long, strong and voluminous, slightly convex seen from the side, rounded in shape, the skull showing two small floppy ears, combined with a discreetly pronounced stop. The tail is long, rather thick and full of hair on the long-haired variety.

There are two types of hair in this breed, short and long, both of which are dense, with a rough texture similar to a goat's hair, combined with a fine, close undercoat of lighter colour. The coat colours permitted by the breed standard are most often yellow, fawn and grey in all shades, wolf grey in fawn, yellow and brindle.

Distrustful by nature and unwelcoming to strangers, the Portuguese Mountain Sheepdog has been bred for centuries to stand guard and be particularly attentive to its environment. Faithful and very attached to their owners, they are excellent watchdogs, with a strong protective instinct like most sheepdogs, and will protect their family in all circumstances.

The Serra dog is independent in temperament, not the most demonstrative of companion dogs, but he remains devoted to his social group and shows great benevolence towards his loved ones. He is a dynamic partner who is full of energy, at ease indoors, he prefers large spaces where he can spend long hours. Faithful and loyal, the Cão Da Serra Da Estrela is a reliable companion, always willing to go out and will watch over your whole family with great care.

Adult: The Cão da Serra da Estrela will weigh approximately 40-50 kg (88-110 lbs) for males and 30-40 kg (66-88 lbs) for females, its height at the withers will be approximately 65-72 cm (25.5-28") for males and 62-68 cm (24.5-27") for females.

Origins

The Serra da Estrela Dog, or Cão da Serra da Estrela, is originally from the mountainous region of Serra da Estrela, located in central Portugal. This ancient breed was developed to protect herds of sheep from predators, such as wolves. Breeders from this region selected these dogs for their robustness, courage, and ability to work in difficult conditions. Thanks to its exceptional qualities, the Serra da Estrela Dog has become a symbol of Portuguese rural heritage.

History

The story of the Serra da Estrela dog dates back several centuries. It was mainly used as a livestock guardian dog in the Portuguese mountains. This brave and loyal dog protected herds from wolves and other predators, while enduring harsh weather conditions. Over time, the breed gained recognition for its exceptional skills and reliable character. Although the modernization of agriculture has reduced the need for herding dogs, the Serra da Estrela dog continues to be appreciated for its qualities as a guardian and faithful companion.

Standard

The standard for the Serra da Estrela Dog breed is defined by specific characteristics that reflect its robustness and suitability for work. It measures between 65 and 73 cm for males and between 62 and 69 cm for females, with a weight ranging from 40 to 50 kg. Its head is strong and well proportioned, with a slightly arched skull and triangular drooping ears. Its eyes, ranging from brown to amber in color, are expressive and lively. Its body is muscular and well structured, designed for endurance. The coat is dense and can be short or long, usually fawn or gray.

Physical characteristics

The Serra da Estrela Dog has impressive physical characteristics. It has a dense and thick coat, which can be short or long, and protects it from bad weather. Its colors range from fawn to gray, often with brindle nuances. Its well-developed musculature and strong bone structure give it strength and endurance. Its drooping ears and expressive eyes show great alertness. Its tail is long and bushy, carried low at rest and raised in action. This robust and majestic dog is perfectly adapted to the rigors of its mountainous environment.

Character

The Serra da Estrela Dog is known for its loyal, courageous and protective nature. Devoted to its family, it can be reserved or even mistrustful towards strangers, making it an excellent watchdog. Its intelligence and independence enable it to make autonomous decisions while guarding its territory. Although it is affectionate and gentle with loved ones, early socialization and training are necessary to channel its protective instinct. Its balanced nature and dedication make it a reliable companion and a vigilant guardian.

Life expectancy

The life expectancy of the Serra da Estrela Dog is generally between 10 and 12 years. To maximize its longevity, it is essential to provide it with a balanced diet, regular veterinary care, and enough exercise. Regular health check-ups and disease prevention are crucial to maintaining its good health. Due to its size and robustness, it may be prone to certain health problems, such as hip dysplasia. With proper care and special attention to its specific needs, this dog can live a long and healthy life.

Exercise and activity needs

The Serra da Estrela Dog is an active breed that requires a lot of exercise to be happy and healthy. He needs long daily walks and enjoys stimulating activities that allow him to expend his energy. As a working dog, he excels in tasks requiring vigilance and endurance. Outdoor activities such as hiking and play are ideal for him. Without enough exercise, he can become bored and develop undesirable behaviors. Owners must be prepared to offer him an active and engaging lifestyle.

Recommended diet

To keep the Serra da Estrela Dog healthy, a diet rich in high-quality proteins is essential. Premium kibble formulated for large and active dogs is recommended to meet its nutritional needs. It is important to choose a balanced diet, including lean meats, vegetables, and whole grains. Dietary supplements, such as omega-3 for skin and coat health, may also be beneficial. Portions should be adjusted based on its activity level to prevent obesity and ensure that it receives all necessary nutrients.

Training and obedience

Education and training of the Serra da Estrela Dog require a firm yet positive approach. Intelligent and independent, this dog responds well to positive reinforcement methods. It is crucial to start training at a young age to establish good habits and reliable obedience. Early socialization is also essential for him to get used to various environments and people. Training sessions should be varied and stimulating to maintain his interest. His protective nature requires consistent education to channel his guarding instinct appropriately.

Behavior with children

The Serra da Estrela Dog is generally affectionate and protective towards the children in its family. Its loyal and patient nature makes it a good companion for the young, as long as it is properly socialized from a young age. However, due to its size and energy, it is important to supervise interactions with young children to avoid unintentional accidents. Teaching children to respect the dog and interact with it appropriately is essential. With proper training, it can become an excellent playmate and a vigilant guardian for children.

Compatibility with Other Animals

The Serra da Estrela Dog can coexist with other pets, but early socialization is crucial to ensure a good relationship. Its protective and territorial instinct can sometimes pose challenges when introducing it to other animals. With dogs of similar or larger size, it may be more comfortable, especially if introduced gradually and in controlled conditions. Owners should monitor initial interactions and be ready to intervene if necessary. Proper training and ongoing supervision are essential for harmonious cohabitation with other pets.

Grooming needs

The Serra da Estrela Dog has a dense and thick coat that requires regular maintenance to stay in good condition. A weekly brushing is enough to remove dead hairs and prevent knots. During the shedding periods, in spring and autumn, more frequent brushing may be necessary. It is also important to regularly check and clean its ears to prevent infections. Baths should be given on an occasional basis, unless the dog gets particularly dirty. Keeping the claws at an appropriate length is also essential for its health and comfort.

Health

The Serra da Estrela dog is generally robust and healthy, but like all breeds, it can be prone to certain health problems. Common conditions include hip dysplasia and certain eye diseases. A balanced diet, regular veterinary care, and plenty of exercise are essential for maintaining its health. Responsible breeders conduct health tests on their breeding dogs to minimize the risks of hereditary diseases. By closely monitoring your dog's health and responding promptly to any signs of discomfort, you can help contribute to a long and healthy life.

Average price

The average price of a Serra da Estrela Dog puppy can vary depending on the breeder, lineage, and region. In general, a puppy of this breed costs between 800 and 1200 euros, or between 900 and 1300 dollars. This price often includes the first vaccinations, health certificates, and sometimes a pedigree. It is important to choose a reputable breeder who tests their dogs for hereditary diseases and raises their puppies in good conditions. Investing in a well-raised puppy can reduce future costs in health care and behavioral problems.

Expenses

Annual expenses for a Serra da Estrela Dog can vary, but on average, they range between 1000 and 1500 euros, or 1100 to 1600 dollars. This includes high-quality food, regular veterinary care, vaccinations, health insurance, grooming products, and accessories such as collars and leashes. Additional costs may arise for training, obedience classes, or specific activities like herding. Good financial planning is essential to ensure the well-being of your dog and cover all necessary expenses.

Name ideas

Choosing a name for your Serra da Estrela Dog can reflect its unique qualities. For example, "Estrela" means "star" in Portuguese, evoking its origin. "Brave" emphasizes its courage. "Guardião" means "guardian", reflecting its protective role. "Monte" refers to the mountains of its habitat. "Leal" means "loyal". "Luna" for the moon, reminding of its nocturnal vigils. "Forte" means "strong". "Sombra" for its often dark fur. "Rex" means "king". "Nero" for the black color.

Legislation and regulation

In general, the Serra da Estrela Dog is not subject to specific restrictions in most countries. However, it is always advisable to check local regulations regarding the ownership of guard or working dogs. In Portugal, its country of origin, there are no specific prohibitions, but owners must adhere to general laws on animal ownership and treatment. It is also important to inform oneself about local regulations regarding the guarding of herds if the dog is used for pastoral purposes. A good understanding of local laws is essential to avoid legal issues.

Official recognition

The Serra da Estrela Dog is officially recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) under standard number 173 in group 2, section 2.2: Mountain Dogs. In the United States, it is also recognized by the United Kennel Club (UKC). In Portugal, the official breed club is the Clube Português do Cão da Serra da Estrela, which plays a crucial role in the preservation and promotion of the breed. This worldwide recognition highlights the importance of this breed in the world of working and companion dogs.

Pedigrees

Pedigrees available for the Serra da Estrela Dog are crucial to ensure the purity of the breed and the health of the puppies. Responsible breeders provide pedigrees detailing the dog's lineage over multiple generations. These documents include information about the dog's ancestors, their championship titles, their health test results, and sometimes their working performances. In Portugal, the Clube Português do Cão da Serra da Estrela maintains a register of pedigrees. For potential buyers, checking the pedigree is essential to ensure they are acquiring a high-quality and well-bred dog.

Destination and usage

The Serra da Estrela Dog is mainly used as a guard and protection dog thanks to its protective instinct and robustness. It excels in protecting herds and properties, and is also used as a working dog on farms. In addition to its working abilities, it is also appreciated as a companion dog for active families. Its loyal and energetic nature makes it suitable for various roles, including participating in dog sports such as tracking and guarding. Its versatility and character make it valuable in many situations.

Prohibitions

The Serra da Estrela Dog is generally not subject to strict prohibitions, but some regions may have specific regulations regarding guard dogs or breeds considered potentially dangerous. It is essential to inquire about local laws before acquiring a Serra da Estrela Dog, especially if you plan to travel or move abroad with him. In some countries, restrictions may apply to large dogs or those used for guarding. Always check with local authorities to avoid legal complications.

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