ALLEMAND
ESPAGNOL
FRANÇAIS
ITALIEN
NÉERLANDAIS
PORTUGAISCairn terrier
Welcome to our page dedicated to the breed of dog cairn terrier!
Here, you will find all the useful information about cairn terrier. This descriptive profile will allow you to discover the aspects of this breed. You can notably consult information about the average price, monthly and annual upkeep expenses, their health, name ideas, as well as their official recognition by competent authorities.
Explore this page to discover everything you need to know.
Overall description of the breed
Already present in the 12ᵉ century, the Cairn Terrier is a British breed with ancestral origins, moreover, it is considered to be the oldest Scottish terrier-type dog, related to many current breeds such as the Scottishs Terrier or the West Highlands White. It is itself a cross between Highland Terriers and certainly Basset hounds, such as the Vahund from Sweden.
Mostly used as a pest hunter, tracking badgers, foxes and other rodents was no longer a secret for him. Thanks to his remarkable abilities, he gradually entered the homes of the general public in order to get rid of certain undesirable animals and little by little, became a good companion dog. The term "Cairn" refers to the cracks in the rocks typical of the West Highlands of Scotland, where small animals often hid.
The breed was recognized late by the FCI, precisely on April 6, 1963, and the last update of the official standard in force was published on June 24, 1987.
The Cairn Terrier is a small, hardy dog with a strong personality and great intelligence. Short and compact, their body is built of muscle, with a rectangular trunk and strong, sturdy lower legs.
With a broad, straight back, this Scottish Terrier has a good presence and a light gait. With a good depth of chest, the hindquarters are strong and the neck thick. His head is carried proudly, well proportioned to the rest of his body, the skull is broad with a clear depression between the eyes and a marked stop. The tail is short, full of hair and held at right angles to the topline.
The coat of the Cairn Terrier is long, rough and of good thickness, coupled with an abundant undercoat which protects it effectively from difficult climatic conditions (humidity, rain, cold). The coat colours permitted by the standard are mainly cream, gold, red, grey or brindle in all its shades.
The character of the Cairn Terrier is friendly and endearing, always ready for various activities, it is an extremely dynamic little dog that needs to expend its boundless energy every day, agile and intrepid, it will always be willing to share playtime with its owners.
He is a very human-like animal who will need regular human contact to feel good about himself. This small British terrier performs well as a hunter, intelligent and obedient, he has great abilities to assimilate orders in his work activities.
The only fault that one could find with this breed is its recurrent barking, a strict education from a young age will be necessary to try to erase this trait of character which could prove to be annoying in everyday life if you live in town, it remains nevertheless a remarkable companion dog and will know how to be loved by the whole family.
Adult: The Cairn Terrier will weigh approximately 6 - 7.5kg (13.2 - 16.5lbs) and his withers height will be approximately 28 - 31 cm (11 - 12.2").
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Origins
Cairn Terriers, originating from Scotland, owe their name to cairns, piles of stones used as landmarks or burial sites in the Highlands. These terriers were used to dislodge pests such as foxes and rodents hiding under these cairns. This robust and agile breed was therefore essential for farmers and hunters looking to protect their land from pests.
History
The history of the Cairn Terrier is closely linked to that of rural Scotland. These dogs were valued for their courage and determination. At the beginning of the 20th century, the breed was officially recognized and began to gain popularity well beyond Scottish borders, notably thanks to their presence in various dog shows and in popular culture, such as in the film "The Wizard of Oz" where Toto was a Cairn Terrier.
Standard
According to the breed standard established by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI), the Cairn Terrier is a small sturdy dog, with a harsh coat and a soft undercoat. Their head is broader at the ears, and they have an alert and lively expression. Their coat color can vary and often includes shades of grey, brown, and sandy, often with darker marks.
Physical characteristics
Cairn Terriers are known for their small size but big personality. They measure approximately 28 to 31 cm at the withers and weigh 6 to 8 kg. Their compact, muscular body, combined with a straight tail carried proudly, gives them a determined look. Their coat is their most remarkable feature, providing good protection against the weather.
Character
The Cairn Terrier's character is cheerful and energetic. They are known for their boldness and often never back down. However, they are also extremely loyal and affectionate with their family. Their curious nature and intelligence make them easy to train, although they can sometimes be stubborn.
Life expectancy
The life expectancy of a Cairn Terrier is generally good, with a lifespan of 12 to 15 years. This figure may vary depending on various factors, including veterinary care, nutrition, and exercise.
Exercise and activity needs
These energetic dogs require regular exercise to stay in good physical and mental health. Daily walks and play sessions will help satisfy their need for activity. They excel in canine sports like agility and terrier trials, which stimulate both their body and mind.
Recommended diet
A balanced diet for a Cairn Terrier should include high quality proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals. It is recommended to consult with a veterinarian to choose the best food based on the dog's age, weight, and activity level.
Training and obedience
The training of a Cairn Terrier should be consistent and firm. They respond well to positive reinforcement training with rewards. Their intelligence and desire to please make it easy to teach them new tricks and commands, but their stubborn nature may require patience.
Behavior with children
Cairn Terriers are generally good with children, especially if they are raised together. They are playful and can make good playmates, but as with all breeds, adult supervision is recommended during interactions between dogs and young children.
Compatibility with Other Animals
This breed can coexist with other pets, especially if they are introduced gradually and correctly. However, due to their hunter instinct, they may sometimes chase small animals.
Grooming needs
The grooming of a Cairn Terrier includes regular brushing of their coat to prevent knots and remove dead hair, as well as regular care of their ears, nails, and teeth. Professional grooming may be necessary a few times a year to maintain their coat's cut.
Health
Cairn Terriers are generally sturdy, but they can be prone to health problems typical of terrier breeds, such as skin allergies, joint issues, and certain eye conditions. Regular visits to the veterinarian will help maintain their good health.
Average price
The cost of a Cairn Terrier puppy can vary considerably depending on its lineage, location, and breeder. Generally, prices range from 800 to 1500 euros, or approximately $850 to $1600.
Expenses
Annual expenses for a Cairn Terrier, including food, veterinary care, accessories, and grooming, can amount to around 500 to 1000 euros, or 530 to 1060 dollars.
Name ideas
The names for a Cairn Terrier can reflect their Scottish heritage or their sturdy personality. For example, "Angus" means "unique strength", evoking their courageous nature. "Bella", meaning "beautiful", is a popular choice that highlights their charming appearance. "Clyde", named after the Scottish river, can celebrate their origins. "Duffy", meaning "black", can correspond to their dark coat. "Elsie", a Scottish diminutive, can be chosen for its endearing sound.
Legislation and regulation
There are no specific restrictions regarding Cairn Terriers. As with any breed, it is advised to check local regulations on pet ownership to ensure compliance.
Official recognition
The Cairn Terrier is officially recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI). In the United States, they are registered with the American Kennel Club (AKC), and in the United Kingdom, with the Kennel Club (KC). The official organization in their country of origin is the Cairn Terrier Club of Scotland.
Pedigrees
Pedigrees are available for Cairn Terriers from major canine organizations such as the AKC, KC, and FCI, ensuring that the dogs are purebred and conform to standards.
Destination and usage
Historically used for hunting and dislodging animals from cairns, today Cairn Terriers are mainly valued as companions and participants in various dog sports.
Prohibitions
There is currently no specific ban on Cairn Terriers in any country. However, some regions may impose specific rules on dog ownership, so it is important to inquire locally.
Breeders of Cairn terrier
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