Samoyed dog

Overall description of the breed

The Samoyed breed has experienced a resurgence in popularity in recent years, giving the impression of a breed stemming from recent crossbreeding. However, nothing could be further from the truth, as the authentic roots of the Samoyed date back over 4,000 years. Originating from the vast Siberian plains, this dog derives its name from the Samoyede people, a federation of tribes residing in northern Russia, who primarily raised it as a protective and sled-pulling dog.

At the end of the 19th century, the Samoyed made its way to Europe thanks to English zoologist Ernest Kilburn. He imported a male black puppy named Sabarka. Embraced by British aristocracy, the Samoyed experienced rapid success and quickly spread throughout the United Kingdom. A few years later, it crossed the Atlantic to conquer the United States, where it was equally well received. In 1923, the first official breed club was established: the Samoyed Club of America. This was followed by recognition by the world's leading canine organizations, first by the AKC and UKC in the United States, and later by the KC in England.

Furthermore, the International Cynological Federation definitively recognized the breed on June 26, 1959, and the current official standard was published on September 4, 2019.

As a medium-sized dog, the Samoyed falls under the category of spitz and primitive breeds. Endowed with a robust and solid morphological structure, it exudes remarkable power and endurance. Its body, slightly longer than tall, takes on a rectangular form. Its strong, thick limbs are supported by developed musculature and concealed beneath a thick coat.

Its backline is straight, with a pronounced withers that accentuates a vigorous neck. Its powerful loins are slightly curved, leading to the attachment of a thick tail. Its imposing body features a deep chest descending to the elbows, barrel-shaped ribs, and a well-rounded abdomen. Its massive head, cube-shaped, boasts a relatively short muzzle, a distinct stop, and a discreetly domed skull. Its almond-shaped eyes are widely spaced, while its erect ears sit atop its skull.

The Samoyed's coat is long, dense, and particularly thick around the neck and chest, offering excellent protection against icy temperatures. Its short, tight, and abundant undercoat complements it. The standard only permits one color: pure white, although slight cream nuances are tolerated.

Like many Nordic dogs, the Samoyed possesses a gentle and affectionate temperament while retaining a degree of independence. It greatly enjoys the company of its owners but also cherishes moments of tranquility. Always cheerful and playful, it eagerly participates in family play sessions, especially relishing interactions with children.

Training can pose a challenge due to its independent nature, typical of primitive dogs. Patience, consistency, and establishing discipline from a young age are necessary to channel its dynamism. As a former working dog, it has retained numerous physical qualities, including boundless energy. Its daily exercise needs are high, requiring intense daily activities for complete fulfillment.

Faithful and devoted to its home, the Samoyed harbors unconditional love for its owners, making it a loyal companion closely tied to its social group. Active and attention-seeking, this dog demands substantial personal investment. Establishing a relationship of trust forms unbreakable bonds throughout its life.

In adulthood, the Samoyed weighs between 20 and 30 kg (44 to 66 lb) for males and between 16 and 23 kg (35 to 51 lb) for females. Its height at the withers ranges from 53 cm to 57 cm (21" - 22.5") for males and 48 cm to 53 cm (19" - 21") for females.